Barrel buffer for automatic firearms



J. KOUCKY 3.o.wn

ril. 1lb" i x IUI. n H n u n Filed OCT.. 25, 1946 BARREL BUFFER FOR AUTOMATC FIREARMSl June 26, 1951 yPatented June 26, 1951 JosefKoucky, Prague, Czechoslovakia, assignor to Ceskoslovenska Zbrojovka Brno A. S.,

Prague, `Czecho'slovakia vApplication-October 25, 1946, Serial No.1705,563

InGer'many January 7, 1942 Section 1, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires January 7, 1962 1 Claim. 1

The present invention relates to automatic firearms, more especially of the type provided with a sliding barrel and a gas piston which activates the breech mechanism.

It has for its particular object improvements in the rearm patented to Vaclav Holek (United States Patent No. 2,146,185) in which means are provided for firing the cartridge at an early moment, when the sliding masses are in motion in the forward direction, but have not yet reached their foremost position. In the patented firearm the barrel is arranged for reciprocation between two fixed stops and its forward movement is controlled by a catch member mounted in the casing,

which member is activated by the gas piston.

The patented arm, while attaining a high degree of perfection as far as firing performance is concerned, still has a rather involved design which increases the cost of manufacture and can be the cause of certain disturbances.

It is an object of the present invention to so modify the construction of the patented firearm, that the number of parts, of which it is composed, is reduced and its design materially simplified without its performance being thereby unfavorably affected.

According to this invention, the breech mechanism is organized to take charge, apart from the sealing and locking of the breech and of the barrel, also of the functions of the catch member.

In the drawing aflixed to this specification and forming part thereof a firearm embodying this invention is illustrated diagrammatically by way of example.

In the drawing Fig. 1 is an axial section showing the parts in the position they assume before a shot is red.

Fig. 2 is a similar view with the parts in the position they assume after firing.

Fig. 3 is a cross-section along the line I-I in Fig. l.

Referring to the drawing, I is the sliding barrel, 2 is the casing. 3 is a vent in the barrel leading to the cylinder 4 of the gas motor fixed to the barrel. 5 is the gas piston guided in this cylinder and mounted on the end of the piston rod 6 which also forms the carrier 4B of the breech block l. The rod is under the action of the recoil spring 8. Its sides are formed with grooves 28 which are curved at 29, near their rear ends underneath the breech block 1. In the grooves are guided rollers 9V mounted for rolling movement on the inner walls of arms I6 extending downwardly in spaced relation from the breech block and embracing the rear part 4|] of the piston rod 6.

The interaction of the rollers 9 and the cam grooves 29 causes the breech block I to slide vertically in a slot II formed in the breech end of the barrel.

The return spring ID acting on the barrel I is located in a boring I2 of the casing and partly extends into a sleeve I3 guided in the boring, an arm I4 fixed to the sleeve projecting downwardly into a notch I5 provided in the barrel.

The breech block 'I rides with its forked end on its carrier 40 which is the rear part of the rod 6 and is formed with an upwardly extending lug I'I serving to act on the firing pin I8.

The operation of this arm is as follows:

When a shot has been fired, the barrel I moves rearwardly together with the carrier and the rod 6, the rod leading in this movement and lifting the breech block which in its topmost position rise beyond the top level of the barrel and enters the raised cavity 30 of the casing. The breech block remains in the raised position, while the carrier end of rod 6 travels further a distance equalling the length of the straight-line part of the groove 28. Then the cam portion 29 of the groove forces the breech block down into firing position, the straight-line rearmost end 3| of the groove locking the block in this position. In the drawing the letter A denotes the extent of the recoil of the carrier E, B the recoil of the barrel.

At the end of its recoil the barrel, being acted upon by the return spring I0, reverses its direction of movement and starts sliding back into its forward position of rest. The breech block carrier 40 still persists in its rearward movement, reaching the extreme end of its recoil only at the moment when the barrel I has been shifted by the spring I0 through the distance marked S in Fig. 2. However, since the breech block 1 has been lifted above the level of the barrel and the barrel continues on its return movement, the breech block meets a stop, for instance the face I9 formed in the casing. When the carrier 40 then returns into its position of rest, while the fired cartridge shell is being ejected and a fresh cartridge introduced into the barrel in a well known manner, the cam groove 29 of the rod 6 forces the breech block 'I down, thus releasing it from the stop face I9 in the casing. The carrier 4I! and rod 6 now carry the breech block 'I along in their return movement, during which the rollers 9 of the block are guided and the block locked by the short end portions 3l of the grooves, until the carrier has reached its forward end position, when the impact of the lug I'I on the ring pin I8 causes the next shot to be fired.

breech block, controlled by said motor, of a stop la formed in said casing in the path of said breech block, at the point whereV said block attains its forward end position, said stop thus delimiting the forward movement of said barrel.

JOSEF KOUCKY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,146,185 Holek Feb. 7, 1939 2,389,960 Dobremysl Nov. 27, 1945 

